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Forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1) has been extensively studied as a tumor suppressor. In oral squamous cell carcinoma, studies have demonstrated that FOXO1 can inhibit tumor cell oxidative stress, stemness and epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and promote tumor cell autophagy and apoptosis. FOXO1 may serve as a potential target for the treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma.
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Objective:To explore the influence of flipped classroom combined with case-based learning (CBL) teaching mode on teaching effect of X-ray cephalometric analysis in orthodontic experimental class.Methods:In the study, 70 undergraduates majoring in stomatology were selected as research objects and randomized into teaching reform group and traditional group in average. Flipped classroom combined with CBL teaching mode was adopted in teaching reform group, while traditional group adopted traditional teaching mode. Questionnaire was used to investigate the students' evaluation on the two teaching modes, and the accuracy of the measurement of X-ray cephalometrics of the two groups was compared and analyzed respectively. GraphPad Prism 7.03 software was used to perform t test and chi-square test. Results:Teaching reform group believed that this kind of teaching mode could improve the ability of self-study, communication coordination ability, independent problem solving ability, and logic and language expression ability, deepen the understanding of the project connotation, and apply the X-ray cephalometrics to the actual clinical case analysis and diagnosis. Compared with the traditional group, there were significant differences ( P<0.05). In the accuracy evaluation of measurement values, the absolute values of 70% measurement items in teaching reform group were higher than those in the traditional group, but the difference was not statistically significant ( P>0.05). Only in bone type Ⅲ malocclusion, the absolute values of Y-axis angle and FMA were lower than those of the traditional group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Flipped classroom combined with CBL teaching mode can help students improve self-study ability, communication cooperation ability and the ability of solving problem independently and clinical application. However, the accuracy evaluation of measurement values in teaching reform group were lower than that of the traditional group, indicating that this teaching method in the experimental teaching of X-ray cephalometric analysis needs to be further improved.
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Objective:To explore the distribution of integrons in Escherichia coli isolated from community patients with urinary tract infections and their relationship with the phylogenetic groups and antimicrobial resistance. Methods:From November 2015 to December 2018, 152 isolates of E. coli that collected without repetition from the urine samples of outpatients in nephrology of Fengxian District Central Hospital in Shanghai, were studied retrospectively. Bacterial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility analysis was carried out by Phoenix 100 automatic microbiological analyzer. Class 1, 2 integron integrase genes, variable regions of integrons and the phylogenetic groups of isolated E.coli were screened by PCR. The type of promoters and gene cassette arrays of variable regions were determined by sequencing. The relationship of intergon with the phylogenetic groups and antimicrobial resistance was also analyzed. Results:The resistance rate of 152 E. coli to ampicillin was 70.39% (107/152), and the resistance rates to other antibacterial drugs were all less than 40.00%. Among the 152 E. coli isolates, class 1 integron integrase gene intI1 was detected in 65 isolates (42.76%), 8 gene cassette arrays and 14 antimicrobial resistance gene cassettes were detected in 68 class 1 integrons. The most popular gene cassette array was dfrA17-aadA5 (51.47%, 35/68), while the variable regions of class 1 integrons were failed to detected in 12 intI1-positive isolates. Five variable region promoters were detected in 68 class 1 integrons, with the relative weak promoter PcH1 to be the most popular type (77.94%, 53/68). The gene cassette array arr- 2-cmlA5-bla OXA-10-aadA1 was also detected in this study. 65 intI1-positive isolates were mainly belonged to group B2 and D. The class 2 integron integrase gene intI2 was detected in 4 isolates (2.63%,4/152), and their variable region gene cassette arrays were all dfrA1-sat2-aadA1. Conclusions:Class 1 integrons were closely related to antimicrobial resistance in E. coli isolated from community patients with urinary tract infection. Most of the variable region promoters of class 1 integrons were relatively weak promoters. The distribution of each phylogenetic group in the intI1-positive isolates was consistent with the distribution of the overall isolates. The gene cassette array arr-2-cmlA5-bla OXA-10-aadA1 was detected in E. coli.
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Objective To investigate the distribution of integrons in clinical isolates of carbapen-em-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and their relationships to bacterial resistance to antimicrobial agents.Methods A total of 115 carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strains were isolated from clinical samples of patients from January to October, 2017. Phoenix 100 automatic microbiological analyzer was used for antimicrobial sensitivity analysis. Classes 1 and 2 integrase genes and carbapenemase-encoding genes, bla IMP , blaVIM , blaKPC , blaNDM and blaOXA-23 , were screened by PCR. The variable regions of integrons were amplified by long fragment PCR. The types of promoters and gene cassette arrays of variable regions were de-termined by sequencing and overlap PCR. Relationships between integrons and antimicrobial resistance were analyzed. Results The 115 isolates of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii were resistant to most commonly used antimicrobial agents, but sensitive to polymyxin E. All of the isolates carried blaOXA-23 gene and none of them were positive for blaIMP , blaVIM , blaKPC or blaNDM gene. Class 1 integrase gene intI1 was de-tected in 40 isolates (34. 8％ ), while class 2 integrase gene intI2 was not detected. Two gene cassette ar-rays of variable regions, aacA4-catB8-aadA1 (39 isolates) and aacC1-gacP-gacQ-aadA1a (23 isolates), were detected in intI1-positive isolates. Twenty-two isolates carried both aacA4-catB8-aadA1 and aacC1-gacP-gacQ-aadA1a. The upstream promoters of the variable regions were relatively strong promoters, PcH2 and PcS. The gene cassettes of the variable regions endowed bacteria with resistance to chloramphenicol and aminoglycoside antibiotics. The resistance rate of class 1 integron-positive isolates to compound sulfamethox-azole was higher than that of negative strains. However, their resistance rate to ampicillin/sulbactam was lower than that of negative strains. Conclusions Antimicrobial resistance in carbapenem-resistant Acineto-bacter baumannii was serious. Carbapenem resistance was associated with blaOXA-23 gene. The types of pro-moters of variable regions in class 1 integrons were all relatively strong promoters. Class 1 integrons were closely related to sulfonamides resistance.
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Molecular testing are more and more widely used in clinical practice. The premise of clinical application is the verification or validation of the molecular testing procedure. Establishing a verification and validation model suitable for the testing procedures of clinical molecular testing is helpful for the practitioners of clinical molecular testing to carry out the verification and validation work more conveniently and efficiently. It is also helpful for the standardization of testing and quality control significantly. This article will elaborate on the status of verification and validation of molecular testing projects, the requirements of the ISO15189 accreditation system, the establishment of verification validation models and the prospects in the field.
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Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of hypersensitive troponin I (hs-cTnI) , homocysteine (Hcy) , hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and calcitonin (PCT) detection in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) .Methods Ninety-six patients with AECOPD were enrolled in this study.50healthy subjects were included in the healthy control group.Hs-cTnI was measured by electrochemiluminescence, Hcy level was measured by circulating enzyme method, hs-CRP level was determined by immunoturbidimetry, and colloidal gold blotting was performed.PCT levels, correlation analysis using Pearson correlation analysis, analysis of the correlation between the indicators and AECOPD, using ROC curve analysis of hs-cTnI, Hcy, hs-CRP, PCT diagnosis COPE acute exacerbation curve area (AUC) .Results The levels of hs-cTnI, hs-CRP and PCT in the AECOPD group were higher than those in the healthy control group (P<0.05) .The Hcy in the AECOPD group was lower than that in the healthy control group.The difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05) .Pearson correlation analysis shows that hs-cTnI, hsCRP and PCT were positively correlated with AECOPD (r=0.346, 0.401, 0.509) , and Hcy had a poor correlation with AECOPD (r=0.078) .In the ROC curve analysis, the area under the curve (AUC) for hs-cTnI, hsCRP, and PCT were 0.825, 0.834, and 0.922, respectively, The best diagnostic cut-off values were:0.082, 18.25, 3.075, and the sensitivities were 0.823, 0.802, and 0.781, respectively.The specificities were:0.92, 0.62, and 0.94.Youden′s index was 0.743, 0.422, and 0.721, respectively.The kappa values are:0.699, 0.423, 0.664.Conclusion The detection value of Hcy in the diagnosis of AECOPD is low.The detection of hs-cTnI, hsCRP and PCT has a certain diagnostic value in AECOPD.It can be used as an auxiliary diagnosis index of AECOPD.
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Objective To investigate the value of serum uric acid and brain natriuretic peptide in the evaluation of progressive ischemic stroke.Methods Totally 63cases of progressive ischemic stroke patients in our hospital from October 2016to October 2017were selected as the observation group.According to the severity of the disease, the patients were divided into mild group[National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score＜7], medium group (NIHSS score 7-15) and severe (NIHSS score＞15).Meanwhile, 60cases of nonprogressive ischemic stroke patients in the hospital from January 2014and December 2016were selected as the control group.After admission, 3 mL fasting peripheral venous blood was collected in each subject in both groups, and the serum was isolated.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine the level of brain natriuretic peptide and uric acid/eroxidase coupling method was used to determine the level of serum uric acid.Results The levels of serum uric acid and brain natriuretic peptide were significantly higher than those of the control group (P＜0.05).The levels of natriuretic peptide and serum uric acid in severe group were significantly higher than those of mild group and medium group, and the levels of two indicators in medium group were significantly higher than those of mild group (P＜0.05).In addition, the sensitivity and specificity of combined detection were significantly higher than the single index detection of serum uric acid and brain natriuretic peptid (P＜0.05).Conclusion The combined detection of serum uric acid and brain natriuretic peptide have higher sensitivity and specificity.
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Objective To investigate the value of real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) in the detection of Streptococcus agalactiae in early screening of Streptococcus agalactiae in pregnant women in the third trimester, and to study the effect of Streptococcus agalactiae infection on them.Methods A retrospective analysis of 5 855pregnant women with vaginal discharge and rectal secretions from January 2017to January 2018in our hospital were performed to detect Streptococcus agalactiae by RT-qPCR.Meanwhile, 100vaginal non-vaginosis women in the third trimester were selected as the negative group and100healthy women as the control group.The vaginal micro-environment-related indexes (Lactobacilli content, flora diversity and cleanliness) of three groups were analyzed.Results The total carrier rate of Streptococcus agalactiae of the third trimester from January 2017to January 2018in our hospital was 9.6％, of which vaginal carriage rate was 2.4％, rectum carriage rate was 7.2％, Streptococcus agalactiae positive group (GradeⅡ-Ⅲ), rates of population diversity (GradeⅡ-Ⅲ) cleanliness (Ⅰdegree) and microenvironment imbalance were 30.1％, 36.4％, 25.9％and 76.2％respectively, while those in the negative group were 58.0％, 55.0％, 61.0％and 63.0％and those in the control group were 87.0％, 91.0％, 83.0％, 24.0％.The positive rate of Streptococcus agalactiae in each group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P＜0.05).The differences of all the indexes between the negative group and the control group were also statistically significant (P＜0.05).Conclusion The carrying rate of Streptococcus agalactiae in third trimester pregnancy in our hospital was within the normal range reported in the literature.The detection of Streptococcus agalactiae by RT-qPCR could be effectively screened and monitored.Carrying Streptococcus agalactiae might increase the risk of vaginal infection in third trimester women.
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Preoperative neoadjuvant therapy has become a hot topic in the treatment of locally advanced esophageal cancer (EC) in recent years. Accumulated evidences have demonstrated that neoadjuvant therapy combined with surgery could significantly improve the survival of patients with locally advanced EC compared with the surgery alone. The importance of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (nCT) and neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) has been widely recognized and included in the guidelines. For locally advanced EC, especially for esophageal adenocarcinoma, both nCT and nCRT can significantly prolong the survival of patients than the surgery alone. Currently, whether the supplement of radiotherapy can bring more benefits to patients compared with nCT alone remains a hot topic. Besides, it is generally believed that the operation should be performed at 2-8 weeks after neoadjuvant therapy, whereas the optimal time interval remains debated. In this article, the research progress and existing problems in the preoperative neoadjuvant treatment of locally advanced EC were summarized.
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Molecular diagnosis plays more and more important role in disease diagnosis, prognosis evaluation and curative effect monitoring.With the support of relevant national policies and the gradual release of accurate medical needs from society, molecular diagnosis relies on its advantages of accuracy, convenience,sensitivity, non-invasiveness and automation to develop rapidly in the direction of precision inspection.The application of molecular diagnostic automation is undoubtedly the catalyst for the development of molecular diagnostics, but its application status is far from satisfactory.It is necessary to analyze the causes,study countermeasures and look forward to the future.
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Objective To analyze the structures of atypical class 1 integrons in clinical Proteus isolates. Methods This study included 26 class 1 integron integrase gene-positive clinical Proteus isolates, from which the variable regions of class 1 integrons could not be amplified. Six isolates were chosen from them to amplify the flanking DNA segments of class 1 integron integrase gene using inverse PCR. The se-quences of PCR products were analyzed with BLAST to identify the target homologous sequences as well as their accession numbers in GenBank. Primers for overlap PCR were designed according to the flanking se-quences. Then the 26 clinical Proteus isolates were analyzed with overlap PCR and sequencing analysis. Re-sults The variable regions of class 1 integrons in 25 out of the 26 clinical Proteus isolates were completely or partly identified by using inverse PCR,overlap PCR and sequencing analysis. A gene cassette array of estX-psp-aadA2-cmlA1-aadA1a-qacI-tnpA-sul3 was detected in 22 isolates. The variable regions of class 1 integrons in the other three isolates were identified to be estX-psp-aadA2-cmlA1,dfrA14 and IS26,respectively. All of the 25 isolates lacked the 3'conserved segements in class 1 integron. Conclusion Inverse PCR can be used to analyze the structures of atypical class 1 integrons. Gene cassette psp and gene cassette arrays of estX-psp-aadA2-cmlA1-aadA1a-qacI-tnpA-sul3 and estX-psp-aadA2-cmlA1 in clinical Proteus isolates are reported for the first time.
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Objective To investigate the changes of hemorheological indexes in patients with intracranial infection after traumatic brain injury.Methods 87 cases with intracranial infection after brain trauma ,admit-ted in South Hospital of the Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai JiaoTong University ,from October 2016 to October 2017 ,were selected as the intracranial infection group ,and 80 cases without intracranial infec-tion after brain trauma ,admitted in the hospital from June 2015 to December 2016 ,were selected as the unin-fected group.hemorheological indexes and Glasgon Coma Scale (GCS) score were compared between the two groups.Results The high shear viscosity ,low shear viscosity ,plasma viscosity and fibrinogen(Fib) content in the intracranial infection group were higher than those in the uninfected group ,and the differences were statis-tically significant (P＜0.05) ;the GCS score of the intracranial infection group was lower than that of the un-infected group ,and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05) ;the high shear viscosity ,low shear viscosity ,plasma viscosity and Fib content in severe infection group were higher than those in moderate infec-tion group and mild infection group ,and the high shear viscosity ,low shear viscosity ,plasma viscosity and Fib content in moderate infection group were higher than those in mild infection group ,and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05) ;the GCS score of severe infection group was lower than those of moderate infection group and mild infection group ,the GCS score of moderate infection group was lower than that of mild infection group ,and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05).Conclusion Abnormal hem- orrheology is present in patients with intracranial infection after traumatic brain injury ,and its change is close-ly related to the severity of the disease.
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Objective To use the colloidal gold immunochromatography (GICA ) method to conduct the methodological prelimi-nary evaluation on pepsinogen Ⅰ (PGI) reagent kit .Methods The method provide by the Preliminary Evaluation of Clinical Quan-titative Experimental Methods :Approval Guide Second Edition (EP10-A2) formulated according to the Clinical Laboratory Stand-ards Institute (CLSI) was used to continuously detect the low ,moderate and high concentrations of serum for 5 d ,Then the related data were collected for analyzing the dispersion degree ,linearity ,offset ,precision and so on .Results The PGⅠ quality control ser-um (concentration 25 ,50 ,100 μg/L) was detected at low ,medium and high concentration levels ,the linear regression equation ob-tained by analysis was Y=0 .9939X+0 .7433 ,correlation coefficient (R2 )=0 .9992 ;the offsets were 0 .37 ,0 .77 ,0 .78 μg/L re-spectively ,total imprecision was 3 .04% ,1 .17% and 1 .08% respectively .Conclusion The GICA related technical indicators of PGⅠreagent kit reach the standards of EP10-A2 document ,the detection results are accurate with high sensitivity and good stability , and conform to the requirements of clinical applications .
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Objective To investigate colloidal gold immune chromatography (GICA ) and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) detection pepsinogen (PG) consistency of results ,so as to provide experimental evidence for the use of colloidal gold im‐munochromatography assay PG and briefly analysis of its clinical utility .Methods Totally 40 cases in our hospital digested samples and medical centers 60 healthy population sample in Endoscopy Center by endoscopy diagnosed with inflammation of the stomach disease ,respectively ,with colloidal gold immune chromatography and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay PG ,colloidal gold immu‐noassay chromatography method to be evaluated ,as the reference ELISA method .The results were compared to the method and bias analysis .Results GICA method with a correlation coefficient ELISA test results were greater than 0 .95 ,indicating a good correla‐tion between the two methods and there is no overall bias;sensitivity and specificity of the two methods were (0 .775 ,0 .85) and (0 .782 ,0 .823) .Conclusion Both GICA and ELISA can be used for screening or diagnosis of stomach illnesses .
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Objective To study the increased radiosensitivity of tumor cells by triterpene acids of loquat leaf (TAL) and mechanism.Methods C6 and MG63 cells were pretreated by TAL,and then were exposed to X-rays at 1,2,3,5,7 Gy.Clonogenic assay was used to evaluate those tumor cells survival fraction (SF) to calculate the sensitization enhancement ratios (SER) of TAL.The cellular micronuclei ratios of tumor cells were analyzed by micronuclei assay.Additionally,the changes of Rad51 and XRCC4 levels were observed by RT-PCR and Western blot.Results D0 values were decreased to 1.31 and 2.85 Gy in C6 and MG63 cells by TAL pretreatment respectively.The SER value of the effect of TAL on C6 and MG63 cells was 1.73 and 2.04,respectively.There was a statistical difference in the cellular micronuclei ratios between tumor cells with TAL above 2 Gy and those without TAL (C6:t =-8.372--2.476,P ＜0.05 ; MG63:t =-4.03--2.557,P ＜ 0.05).TAL attenuated the expression of XRCC4 at transcriptional and translational level,but not for Rad51,a key gene in homologous recombination repair (HRR).Conclusions TAL pretreatment could increase the lethal effect of X-rays on tumor cells in vitro.The mechanism might be involved in the inhibition of non-homologous end joining (NHEJ).
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Aim To study the effect of melatonin on expression and activity of myosin light chain kinase in the artery wall of atherosclerotic rabbits.Methods The rabbit model of atherosclerosis was induced by a high-cholesterol diet.The blood lipid levels were assayed in the serum of each group.MLCK expression was detected by Western blot and immunohistochemical method.MLCK activity was measured by ?-32P-ATP incorporation into myosin light chain.Results The atherosclerosis model was established successfully.The levels of lipids decreased after MLT treatment.After fed with cholesterol for twelve weeks,the expression and activity of MLCK in the artery of atherosclerotic rabbits increased markedly,whereas there was no obvious difference in expression of MLCK in the artery of atherosclerotic rabbits fed with cholesterol and melatonin for twelve weeks compared with that of control.Conclusions It was suggest that high expression and activity of MLCK in the artery might be closely correlated with the development of atherosclerosis.Melatonin played an important role in inhibiting the development of atherosclerosis by decreasing the expression and activity of MLCK.